Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively?

Options

(a) Decreased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles
(b) Increased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles
(c) Increased number of bronchioles; Increased respiratory surface
(d) Inflammation of bronchioles; Decreased respiratory surface

Correct Answer:

Decreased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles

Explanation:

Asthma is a difficulty in breathing causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles. Emphysema is a chronic disorder in which alveolar walls are damaged due to which respiratory surface is decreased.